Construction process and precautions for multi-story steel structure building
The construction of multi-story steel structure building is a complex and systematic project. The following are its main construction processes and precautions.
Construction process
Preliminary preparation: First of all, detailed planning and design should be carried out, and factors such as the use function, structural safety, and spatial layout of the building should be fully considered. According to the design drawings, high-quality steel and other auxiliary materials that meet national standards and industry specifications should be purchased. At the same time, basic work such as leveling the construction site, water and electricity supply should be done well, and construction personnel should be organized for technical briefing and safety training.
Foundation construction: Foundation construction is the key to ensuring the stability of the entire building. According to geological conditions and building structure requirements, choose a suitable foundation form, such as independent foundation, strip foundation, raft foundation, etc. During the foundation excavation process, pay attention to controlling the excavation depth and size to ensure that the foundation bearing capacity meets the design requirements. After the excavation is completed, concrete pouring is carried out, and the mix ratio and pouring quality of the concrete are strictly controlled to ensure the strength and stability of the foundation.
Steel structure installation: This is the core link in the construction of multi-story steel structure building. First, assemble various components on the ground, and reinforce components that are easy to deform in advance. During the hoisting process, it is necessary to select appropriate lifting equipment, such as tower cranes, crawler cranes, etc., and set reasonable lifting points according to the weight and size of the components to ensure hoisting safety. When installing steel columns, the positioning axis of the columns should be measured from the ground control line to avoid error accumulation, and the verticality, center line and bracket surface elevation of the steel columns should be initially inspected and corrected. Before installing the steel beam, the bracket elevation and column head spacing of the steel column should be checked, and they should be corrected and fixed in time after installation.
Roof and wall installation: After the steel structure frame is installed, the roof and wall are installed. When installing the roof and wall panels, attention should be paid to the splicing and sealing of the panels to ensure the waterproofness and thermal insulation performance of the roof and wall. At the same time, a reasonable drainage system should be set up to avoid damage to the building caused by rainwater accumulation.
Post-decoration and maintenance: After the main structure construction is completed, the interior decoration is carried out, including floor paving, wall decoration, electrical installation, etc. During the decoration process, attention should be paid to protecting the steel structure components to avoid damage. In addition, it is necessary to establish a regular maintenance system, carry out anti-corrosion and fire prevention treatment on steel structures, inspect and replace damaged components, and ensure the service life and safety of the building.
Precautions
Technical preparation: Before construction, the stress of the components during the installation of the steel structure frame should be carefully calculated, possible deformation should be expected, and corresponding technical measures should be formulated. At the same time, it is necessary to be familiar with the relevant construction specifications and standards to ensure that the construction quality meets the requirements.
Component quality control: The purchased steel and other components should be strictly inspected to ensure that they meet the design requirements and national standards. During the processing and production of components, quality monitoring should be strengthened, and the dimensional accuracy and welding quality of the components should be strictly controlled.
Safety management: There are certain dangers in the construction of multi-story steel structure building, and the safety management of the construction site should be strengthened. Set up obvious safety warning signs and equip construction workers with necessary safety protection supplies, such as safety helmets and safety belts. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the inspection and maintenance of construction machinery and tools such as lifting equipment and electric welding machines to ensure construction safety.
Construction coordination: The construction of multi-story steel structure buildings involves multiple professions and types of work, and construction coordination and cooperation should be strengthened. Reasonably arrange the construction sequence to avoid cross-operation and process conflicts to ensure construction progress and quality.
